Effects Of Obesity And The Media - 1396 Words

Over the decades the paradigm or trend of young people increasing in body weight has changed. Obesity can be contributed to many different factors. With this new world of technology and social media there is still the prominent issue of obesity, although technology and the media is not all to blame. This arising issue can have derived by many different aspects, such as a person’s socioeconomic status, ethnicity, culture, and not getting the right amount of physical activity. These aspects definitively lead to obesity and ultimately the negative feedback and oppression and discrimination from society. Society has been preoccupied about how people look for decades. While a society we are becoming heavier, our preferences about body image†¦show more content†¦Because of the rising growth of fast food restaurants these restaurants would most likely, â€Å"2.5 times more likely to be located in areas†¨where people from the poorest SES category lived as compared to where people in the wealthiest category lived† (Raine, K. D.,2004). There is also the element of transportation, lower-income families may not be able to afford or have availability to have access to transportation. Income has a lot of control over a person’s weight gain and obesity, â€Å"low income levels produce stress, which may lead some people to store more body fat as insurance against difficult times in the future, and others to seek solace from their troubles through the comfort of eating† (Sobal, J. (n.d.). Social and Cultural Influences on Obesity. International Textbook of Obes ity para, 44). Income can also influence a young person’s resources when it comes to their diet and physical activity, for instance, â€Å"having adequate income allows someone to focus on other aspects foods than cost, such as health and caloric value. People who experience hunger or food insecurity may overeat when food is available, which leads lower income groups in some societies to be more likely to be obese† (Sobal, J. (n.d.). Social and Cultural Influences on Obesity. International Textbook of Obesity para, 45). With the growing economy, the unaffordable prices and plus a low-income can limit a young person’s choice of food, this can also attribute to negative dietary lifestyle. TheseShow MoreRelatedEffects of Daily Media Use on Youth Obesity910 Words   |  4 Pagesdevote an average of 7 hours and 38 minutes...to using entertainment media across a typical day†. Not only that, but most youths also report to having no rules governing the amount of time spent on entertainment media in the mediums of TV, videogames, and any computer use. Less than 50% actually have rules and regulations on what video games they are allowed to play and what TV shows they can watch. However, I believe that daily media use among children and teens needs to be controlled. If it is notRead MoreChildhood Obesity And Its Effects1551 Words   |  7 PagesChildhood obesity has become an epidemic in our nation. Currently, more than one in six American children is obese, which is three times the rate as that of the 1970s [1]. Obesity contributes significantly to cardiovascular disease, different types of cancers, as well as diabetes. About 70% of obese children/adolescents have at least one risk factor for heart disease, such as hyperlipidemia and hypertension, and almost 40% of obese youths have at least two additional risk factors. Increase in ratesRead MoreObesity : The Disease Of The 21st Century947 Words   |  4 PagesObesity is known as the disease of the 21st century. The occurrence of obesity is increasing globally, with nearly half a billion of the world s population now considered to be overweight or obese. There are many factors in today’s society that contribute to this growing epidemic including media, technology and demographics. With the media having more influence over our daily habits now more than ever, it is extremely easy to slip into a lifestyle that will lead to weight related healthRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Developing Problem1197 Words   |  5 PagesObesity in America is a developing problem, and not just in adults. Today, one in three American children and teens are either overweight or obese; almost triple the rate previously in 1963. Child obesity has expeditiously become one of the most genuine health challenges of the 21st century (â€Å"10 Surprising Facts About Childhood Obesity†). Physical inactivity, race, junk food in schools, the mass media, and the child’s parents flaws are all factors that have resulted in the prevalence of childhoodRead MoreHealthy Choices for Better Living Essay1588 Words   |  7 PagesDoes the media truly influence and play and key role in childhood obesity? Can we hold the media responsible for our food purchases and meals that we as a society choose to provide our children? Certainly there are a multitude of influences in t he media and yes, they are geared toward our children. Commercials ran during children’s programming appeal to our youth with catchy jingles, bright colors and actors promoting these products that portray popular characters on our children’s favorite showsRead MoreMedia Article And The Social Determinants Of Health931 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction The following media analysis will review a media article that has recently been published. The report will refer to both the media article and the social determinants of health to discuss how obesity can potentially be the cause of several health issues, with appropriate evidence to support this. The media article ‘Shocking Statistics That Illustrate Australia’s Obesity Problem’ written by Leigh Campbell in the Huffington Post Australia Newspaper on February the 24th 2016 will be discussedRead MoreHow Do Television Advertisements Affect People s Health And Its Significance1684 Words   |  7 PagesHow do Television advertisements affect people’s health and its significance in relation to childhood obesity? Introduction: Child obesity is undoubtedly one of the most controversial issues in modern society, and has been labeled as one of the most serious health issues. Overweight and obese children generally grow up to be overweight and/or obese as adults, who are highly likely to be predisposed to health disorders such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other sorts of illnesses. With fastRead MoreThe Negative Effect Of Youth Health Essay1734 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction The world as we know it in the 21st century is consumed by advertising. Everywhere we look, everywhere we go our eyes are continually be exposed to some form of advertising; televisions, media, magazines, bill boards and shops are some examples of places where we gather information from certain types of commercial advertising. Our lives are ruled by screens; it is inevitable that during our daily lives we are going to experience a sponsored ad, a TV commercial or a sexy, skinny modelRead MoreThe Dangerous Problem of Childhood Obesity1012 Words   |  4 PagesObesity means being overweight or extremely fat. Obesity in not only in old people but also in young people and even children. There are a number of factors that cause that hazardous disease such as wrong eating habits, less healthy foods, Advertising of non-healthy foods, lack of daily physical activity, limited access to healthy foods, greater availability of high-fats foods and sugary drinks, television and media, genetic or medical Factors. As a result of that affliction, people may suffer ChildhoodRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic : Obesity Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesThe obesity epidemic proves to be an issue in America and continues to grow with time. In simple terms, obesity is a disorder where the subject has increasing amounts of fat, leading to health problems in the future. This epidemic has steadily increased in American bodies for decades and researchers have tried to find the root causes of this problem. Though there is controversy as to what is the primary cause of this rising epidemic, it is clear that there are many factors that contribute to the

Journal Analyzing the Byronic Hero and Lord Byron’s...

A Journal Analyzing the Byronic Hero, Those who Closely Resemble the Hero, Byron’s Writing Styles and Literary Criticism (Journal entry 1, Defining the Byronic Hero) The Byronic Hero is a term derived from the poetic narrative, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, by Lord Byron. Though the idea of the Byronic Hero originated with the creation of Byron’s characters, Byron himself possessed the physical features associated with the Byronic Hero. These features include dark brooding eyes, dark hair, pale skin and a slender frame. The Byronic hero derived from Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, strays away from the typical â€Å"hero† role by possessing dual characteristics of good as well as evil, â€Å"And had been glorious in another day: but†¦show more content†¦The elevated emotional state of the Byronic Hero leads him to be or appear egocentric and introverted â€Å"hating the world he had almost forgot†, characteristics which deter from the standardized hero who â€Å"fights for the good of man-kind.† Guilt from the past also plagues the Byronic Hero, â€Å"for he through Sin’s labyri nth had run, nor made atonement when he did amiss†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Byron,C.H.181). The haunting illusion to past wrongs or sins taints the Hero and casts a shadow over his overall character and deeds. Due to his past the Hero often carries some form of defect (physical or physiological), a â€Å" heart and harp have lost a string†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Byron,C.H. 210) that further isolates him from society. (Journal entry 2, Ichabod Resembling the Byronic Hero) No characters outside of the characters created by Lord Byron himself could fully encompass the idea of the Byronic Hero, though many narratives have since been created which bare notable resemblance. Washington Irving created such a character when he wrote the story, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. Though Ichabod (the main character within the Irving narrative) embodies qualities of the Byronic Hero, he fails to fully mirror the concept. Ichabod’s physical persona is described as â€Å"tall, but exceedingly lank, with narrow shoulders, long arms and legs, hands that dangled a mile out of his

Cricket a Threat to Other Games Free Essays

Is Cricket’s massive appeal in India at the cost of other sports? ‘Cricket is a religion in  India’- a powerful statement that would bring a smile on all cricket lovers in India. However, rarely expressed is the other side of the coin – an issue of one man’s extreme popularity killing the very identity and existence of all other players in the mix. No Doubt that the game’s popularity has brought glory to millions of fans residing in India and worldwide, has instilled a sense of pride even in non-cricket-following Indian audiences†¦whenever the country has won, it  has brought laurels to the nation, elation to Indian people from all age groups-  be it a tiny toddler who craves for sixes from Sachin and Sehwag’s bat and or the keen cricket follower who deeply understands the nuisances of the game and gets elated whenever the little master,   Sachin crosses yet another milestone. We will write a custom essay sample on Cricket a Threat to Other Games or any similar topic only for you Order Now But these cricket-savvy arguments rarely bring to light the other dark picture†¦ While cricket’s popularity has increased in India at a exponential rate, the fortunes of the other games has fallen to new lows. Hockey –our national game , in which India was considered a super-power has degraded so quickly that team India had failed   to even qualify for the  Olympics-the international sporting event in which India won medals in its golden era of hockey. It’s a pity that many international games like Motor-racing, Formula 1 races, golf, tennis, Athletics, gymnastics, swimming etc. on’t even find an Indian representation†¦. But the key question is? Is cricket responsible for this†¦The arguments are endless both in favor and against this argument. The supporters will say that all games have their separate, non-intersection identities, interests, fan-following and popularity scales†¦how come we attribute other sport’s losses on cr icket’s gains†¦ The critics will respond by equally strong arguments-if all the financial aids, funds, sponsors will be consumed by the ‘cricket’ giant ,wont the other games be starved of existence†¦ The conclusion is not easy to draw and one possible solution is to focus on aggressive advertisement of other sports, by roping in   government aids,   big corporate sponsors, the  media  and broadcasting people, the games’ iconic players as ambassadors etc†¦ Maybe someday we can produce our own version of   a Michael Schumacher or a Roger Federer†¦but for now cricket remains the undisputed king of Indian sports!! View point 2: Cricket dates back to 1721 in its trace in India, where it is more than a religion today. Being called a gentlemen game, it attracts millions of people all over the world. The popularity it pulls in the public made it a crazy game dominating any other game in India. Neither any game sustains nor collects popularity or spins the money as the cricket does. Because of this popularity other sports are ignored in our country that is about to extinct due to lack of proper encouragement from public and government. This dominance of cricket makes other games to feel low and the sportsmanship suffered inferiority complex in other areas. Arguments towards cricket We can’t blame one game for the fall of other game as there is nothing in game; everything is in the mind of people who enjoy the game. Cricket being craziest game is definitely a stylish and gentlemen game which at any cost shouldn’t be tagged with a line, â€Å"cricket is a curse for other games† which is more than religion in our country. Indian cricket has a history of holding many records often which are not easy even for the founders of the game. Though it is a lucrative game, it doesn’t mean there ends the professionalism. It is played at its standards and always allured millions of people across the world not only shaping the careers of youth but also earning them prestigious awards and rewards from the game and through endorsement. Popularity that cricket has is due to the influence which has been made by great cricketers like Kapil Dev, Ravi Shastri, Sunil Gavaskar, Sachin Tendulkar and many legendary performers. It is also the most favourite time pass for Indian youth and helps the nation to achieve integrity. Sponsors through advertisement help in boosting the economy and provide good business opportunities. Coaching centres and sports shops are established for cricket which helps them as a form of self employment. Arguments against cricket Cricket is posing threat to other games in India due it its mass popularity and makes the other sportsman suffer for their contributions. Government never supports such activities; and even if it supports will surely undermine the capacity by withdrawing the facilities provided for other sports. Cricket is a game of money, and nothing like professionalism exists in it. Youth pursue this game as profession for fame and money and the popularity it has among the mass. Players never show much attention once they are placed in national team. They will try to make fortune from the sponsors and other facilities provided. Betting is other area from which cricketers get easy money without playing game and has been in news for many matches which now brought the public to which match should be believed whether it is not fixed or fixed. Media hypes the game undermining the potential of other games and politicians do interfere to get their piece of cake in the dirty money making business. No professionalism, no sincerity. Money is the only purpose around which the game revolves. How to cite Cricket a Threat to Other Games, Papers

Flat and Hierarchical structures Essay Example For Students

Flat and Hierarchical structures Essay They exist outside everyday awareness and are the most inaccessible to consciousness. From the research point of view, artefacts are the most accessible elements of culture. Even though artefacts are easy to obtain they dont necessarily represent the core culture of an organisation. However this system provides a guide to organisation culture. One of the main interests in organisational culture has been that this concept if applied correctly can enhance the performance of organisations. Supported by the success of the Japanese industry in the 1980s, which emphasised the importance of a strong company culture. It is generally assumed that getting organisation culture right has widespread implications both for corporate success and human resource management, by achieving widespread commitment for all staff to share the common goals and strategies. I believe that it is clear that organisation culture is likely to affect the success of business proven by the Japanese economy in the 1980s 90s. Western companies now try to adopt the same Task culture as the Japanese, however for existing companies this sort of change can be a very long and complex process. Now look at how these two organisations fit into these structures and cultures:   Police Force   Versace The police force essentially has a hierarchical structure and is very bureaucratic they are centralised and have mechanistic managerial styles. This organisation is divided down in to regions and is overall designed this way to ensure the same law and order is applied throughout the United Kingdom. I believe in this case that the structure of an organisation influences the culture adopted by the employees. The police force has thousands of employees and has to be structured in this way to avoid confusion and double standards. This structure creates a role culture within the police and branches off with sub-cultures, where divisions are responsible for a project or case and are left to investigate using there own initiative, this is task culture. The police also fall into Scheins model of Artefacts where they on certain levels or rank will dress the same in order to share in the same values and beliefs, also to be distinguishable to the public. The police have a sub-culture within the service to take more days off sick than the national average; this could be as a result of the structure and overall culture of the organisation, in my opinion to cut this sub-culture the police need to re look at uniting there employees to share in a common goals through reinforcing values and beliefs. Versace before his death was the head of his own brand of designer fashion retail goods. This family firm succeeded in having a flat structure that was organic and decentralised this allowed for quick and flexible change to a highly fickle fashion market. In this case it is clear that the culture of the organisation heavily influences the structure that it has adopted. The culture implied by Versace was a combination of power culture and person culture, because of his insistence and influence on the end product. As a result of his earlier drive and vision for his company the brand Versace lives on, still prestigious and marketable. When looking at both of these organisations it is clear that there are no right or wrong methods to management or structures cultures, but I believe when in business the styles you adopt can relate to the industries and sectors you enter. This however does not mean they are organisations in the same sector have to be homogeneous; Organisations clearly could save a lot of money and resources if they can find effective and efficient structures and cultures. BUSINESS ETHICS Business ethics involves the leaning right from wrong and doing the right thing. The right thing is not always as easy as it sounds and not always in the best interest of business. Ethical dilemmas are not as straightforward Should Bill steel from Rob? and Was it moral to lie to the boss? .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 , .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 .postImageUrl , .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 , .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7:hover , .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7:visited , .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7:active { border:0!important; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7:active , .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7 .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u08c82ecfb5b41a31701638cff4055ae7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Miss Persuasive Essay Ethics are based on a moral principle, at a given time in a given situation. Some ethical decisions are based on a legal framework often transmitted by law, regulation or rules. Values that guide us in how we ought to behave are considered moral values, values like respect, honesty, fairness, responsibilities etc. When applied to business these are called moral ethical principles. The concept of ethics has become to mean many things, but generally its coming to know right from wrong in the workplace and doing whats right. Making ethical decisions that effect product/services and relationships with stakeholders. Business ethics has really become prominent since the social responsibility movements of the 1960s. In that decade, social awareness movements raised expectations of businesses to use their massive influence to address problems like poverty, crime, environmental protection, equal rights and improving education. An increasing number of people asserted this because the businesses were making a profit from using our countys resources, and now owed it to help improve society. The recent changes to culture of companies have been influenced by ethics with a need to show a good image to the public, the term stockholder was changed to stakeholder which includes everyone who has an interest in the company, from employees to general public. Human resource management was given greater influence to treat employees more fairly and respectfully. Formally there are two types of ethical practise. * Compliance based approach * Integrity-based approach Compliance based approach is where the company has to act within the letter of the law. If companies breach the compliance of law and regulation there are repercussions and discipline. For example in November 2002 BPB a UK plaster board company was fined 87million pounds for an organised cartel of price fixing with other EU plaster board manufactures. The EU fair trading commission, who seek to protect the interests of the customer, brought the case. Integrity-based approach this approach is broader and promotes ethical behaviour through the beliefs of a company today ethics are found in the workplace in codes of ethics, codes of conduct and polices and procedures. Ethical decisions are based on the cultural influences of business. For example the co-op banks marketing campaign says they do not do business with those that needlessly pollute the environment. Also there was a famous example of contentious ethical value when Nike plc employed children to make footballs for the world cup in 1998. At first it sounds terrible exploitation of children but the real questions that should be asked are; what is the social structure of the country? What age are children expected to work? Are they getting a fair wage in relation to the cost of living in that country? As an investigation into this assignment I have fully understood that this subject is a philosophy a social science. There are no real right from wrongs only the base to make informed decisions about the surroundings and environment we are faced with. I have grasped the basic principles of structures and cultures; I also believe that the key to running a organisation well, is having the right mix through a shared belief system expressed in a mission statement. I also can understand how culture can influence the ethical principles of an organisation.

Ann Dunwoody - Press QA On Being Promoted to 4-Star General free essay sample

Examine the theme of loneliness and isolation in M.R James stories Essay Example

Examine the theme of loneliness and isolation in M.R James stories Essay Example Examine the theme of loneliness and isolation in M.R James stories Essay Examine the theme of loneliness and isolation in M.R James stories Essay Essay Topic: Back in the World Stories In the early 20th Century, the Edwardian era was coming to an end, but the wealth and affluence of the upper classes still remained. With very little contact with the outside world, the rich became complacent and arrogant. Political tension was increasing in Europe, but the well-off took little notice, concerned exclusively in their own affairs. With plenty of time on their hands, people could indulge in the study of science, or spend long periods of time shut up in antiquarian libraries, devoted to furthering their intellectual prowess and pride and becoming self reliant. When not in the library, they had the time to go off on private walks, do independent field research, or any other solitary pursuit, as their pride meant that they did not need anyone for guidance. The affluent were slowly becoming less religious, as their new found passion for science led them to rationalise everything and deny spiritual existence, and their prosperity meant that there was little to look forward t o in the afterlife. This also meant that certain people no longer had God to turn to, further isolating themselves. The effect of these changes in society was that scholarly men would spend long hours in loneliness and isolation, and this fact is what M.R. James utilizes to great effect in many of his stories, not only to make the ordinary upstanding members of society become more vulnerable and susceptible to the horrors of the supernatural, but also to absorb the reader into the main characters life, making the supernatural experiences far more shocking. In Mr Humphreys and his Inheritance the main character who spends time in isolation is Mr Humphreys, and unfortunately for him, the key feature which attracts him to the house left by his uncle is its library. He felt that Wilsthorpe was a place in which he could be happy, and especially happy, it might be, in its library. It is unfortunate, because predictably, the library, a place to be alone, is also where the only supernatural encounter in the story occurs. M.R James often uses libraries in his stories as they are the perfect setting for supernatural encounters: scholars would spend long periods of time alone in old libraries studying forgotten books, which may themselves hold information about dark matters or contain antiquarian documents, which are not meant to be removed. Often in silent contemplation, detached from the outside world, they could lose themselves in quiet seclusion. This is exactly the situation Mr Humpreys is in when in the library, tracing the map of the maze. Lonely and vulnerable, any sound or movement becomes exaggerated and out of proportion. Once or twice it was a question whether there was-not a bat, but something more considerable-that had a mind to join him. M.R James makes the reader very aware that Mr Humphreys is alone and isolated; and particularly exposed to any evil that could come through that window. His isolation heightens the sense of tension, as the reader is completely conscious of how susceptible he is, by himself, with no one to observe whatever unpleasant incident may occur and no one to help him. In addition, because he is alone, the storyline, and therefore the reader, focuses exclusively on Mr Humphreys, and how he reacts to each individual situation. This means that when the supernatural event finally occurs, there are no other characters to distract the readers attention from the action as it unfolds, and the reader experiences a similar emotional reaction to Mr Humphreys. This combination of putting the main character in a setting where he is isolated, and telling the story like a realistic account, progressively increasing the readers sense of fear, means that not only is there an elevated level of anticipation befo re the event, but also that the incident itself is far more shocking. Another of M.R James stories which incorporates the theme of loneliness and isolation is Oh whistle and Ill come to you my lad. Parkins, a university professor and the main character in the story, stays by himself at the Globe Inn in a double bedroom for a week, to improve his golf- he is alone in a foreign place, a common technique used to isolate the main character. Putting them in an unfamiliar environment, and presenting them with unforeseen circumstances, causes them to feel their isolation more acutely. Parkins is also similar to many of M.R James main characters, in that his intellectual pride leads him to believe that he can handle any situation by himself, encouraging him to isolate himself from familiar surroundings. Like other of M.R James characters, Parkins is self-assured and independent, with a firm belief of his ability to cope in any situation, and rationalise the irrational. As he himself asserts, I am, in fact, a convinced disbeliever in what is called the supernat ural. Therefore, he can confidently stay in a double room alone, or walk along a beach followed by a strange figure, and be sure that no paranormal events will occur, or if they do, there is a logical and rational explanation which will permit him to escape from any unforeseen situation. Regrettably for Parkins, this isolation makes him particularly vulnerable to any evil manifestation in the vicinity. There had been a movement, he was sure, in the empty bed on the opposite side of the room. Tomorrow he would have it moved, for there must be rats or something playing about in it. Had Parkins not been alone in this situation, his companion would have not only helped him come to terms with the fact that there was no rational explanation for the movement in the empty bed, but they would also make him realise that his fear was justified. Being alone, his fear forces him to deny the irrational, making him all the more vulnerable. An example of this is where Parkins is cornered by the creature and, the Colonel burst the door open, and was just in time to see the dreadful group at the window. When he reached the figures only one was left. Parkins does not react, because he is alone and cannot rationalise the creature, and therefore does not know what to do. This means he is particularly defenceless. Also, the fact that Parkins is on his own when the evil apparition reveals itself makes the scene more frightening, [It] slipped from the bed and took up a position, with outspread arms, between the two beds, and in front of the door. It is more frightening because the reader knows that Parkins stands less of a chance facing it alone than with someone else. M.R James exploits Parkins isolation to build tension and instil fear. In Number 13 the theme of loneliness and isolation continues, with Mr Anderson, a man who prided himself on his accuracy of observation. He, like many of M.R James other characters, is alone in a foreign place. M.R James plays on the fact that because Mr Anderson is so independent, not only socially, but financially and emotionally also, he must rely solely on himself to get everything right. This leads to characters doubting themselves, He looked quickly and suspiciously about the room when he entered it, but there was nothing, beyond that indefinable air of being smaller than usual, to warrant any misgivings. When Mr Anderson sees the room is smaller, he knows what he has seen, but cannot confirm his observation, because he cannot find any rational explanation for it, and he cannot ask a companion if they saw the same thing. This means that nothing is done, and his suspicions are cast to the back of his mind. Ignoring the obvious warnings of supernatural occurrences endangers Mr An derson, as he cannot, unlike with every other aspect of his life, prepare for what may take place. Another element of suspense that M.R James gains from isolating his characters, is dramatic irony. When Mr Anderson enters the room and suspects it is smaller, the fact that he is alone enables him to put it down to his natural suspicions, and he is therefore able to dismiss the thought. However, the reader knows that something is amiss, and that Mr Anderson is suspicious, but does not allow himself to act on it, dismissing it due to his intellectual pride. This builds the tense atmosphere further. When he is alone, Mr Anderson cannot confirm his observations: he doubts himself and dismisses suspicions, becoming more susceptible to paranormal events, because he is oblivious of the imminent peril and cannot decide what to do, effectively heightening the suspense. In conclusion, M.R James uses the theme of loneliness and isolation as an effective technique to create suspense, develop a sinister atmosphere and create shocking supernatural encounters. He does this by choosing a specific type of main character, who, thanks to their financial position, can become independent socially, and emotionally. By isolating the main characters, M.R James makes them especially vulnerable, because not only there is no one there to help them, but also their inherent intellectual pride renders them helpless.

Coleman as a Lens for Parts of the Mooney Book Essay

Coleman as a Lens for Parts of the Mooney Book - Essay Example He sought out to learn how others managed to move out of and beyond such labels by buying his short bus. He then travelled across the country in search of children who held on to dreams of beautiful and magical ways of overcoming obstacles that separate them from what is otherwise referred to as ‘the normal world’. Coleman sets out to demystify the stigma surrounding the enigma of ‘normalcy’ to shed light on the inexistence of what society has labeled normal (Brown 179--192). The deviation from normative social categories created by the ones in the majority can result into a source of stigma for anyone according to Brown. Disability should not be painted or represented positively for those with shortcomings to counter the stigma experienced in society. Instead, the positive attributes and unique gifting of everyone is what makes the universe appreciate all in it and forge a sense of oneness. This is a reflection evident in Mooney’s book when he meets Brent in chapter three, ‘The hole in the door’ (Mooney 46). The interaction is one that elicits confidence and courage to face life and defines real living as finding a person’s own way to keep on. Coleman puts it that the concept of stigma places superiority on one and inferiority on another (Brown 179--192). The sense of ‘normalcy’ is just a conception of those who consider themselves ‘normal’ preying on the idea that those who lack one or two physiological functions are ‘abnormal’. The people considering their selves superior need affirmation from those they consider inferior, which in the real sense is fallacious (Link and Phelan 363--385). Mooney in relating with the story of Brent shows how the world around children with special needs can denigrate them and curtail the achievement of their full potential. The message that the world around Brent sends him is that he is broken and has to change or be fixed somehow, something